1 Kasım 2011 Salı

Dextromethorphan (dex troe meth or' fan)

Dextromethorphan (dex troe meth or' fan)

Why is this medication prescribed?
Dextromethorphan is used to temporarily relieve cough caused by the common cold, the flu, or other conditions. Dextromethorphan will relieve a cough but will not treat the cause of the cough or speed recovery. Dextromethorphan is in a class of medications called antitussives. It works by decreasing activity in the part of the brain that causes coughing.

How should this medication be used?
Dextromethorphan comes as a liquid-filled capsule, a chewable tablet, a dissolving strip, a solution (liquid), an extended-release (long-acting) suspension (liquid), and a lozenge to take by mouth. It is usually taken every 4 to 12 hours as needed. Follow the directions on the package or prescription label carefully, and ask your doctor or pharmacist to explain any part you do not understand.

Dextromethorphan should only be used according to the label or package directions. Do not take more than the recommended amount of dextromethorphan in a 24-hour period. Refer to the package or prescription label to determine the amount contained in each dose. Taking dextromethorphan in large amounts can cause serious side effects or death.

Dextromethorphan comes alone and in combination with antihistamines, cough suppressants, and decongestants. Ask your doctor or pharmacist for advice on which product is best for your symptoms. Check nonprescription cough and cold product labels carefully before using 2 or more products at the same time. These products may contain the same active ingredient(s) and taking them together could cause you to receive an overdose. This is especially important if you will be giving cough and cold medications to a child.

Nonprescription cough and cold combination products, including products that contain dextromethorphan, can cause serious side effects or death in young children. Do not give these products to children younger than 4 years of age. If you give these products to children 4-11 years of age, use caution and follow the package directions carefully.

If you are giving dextromethorphan or a combination product that contains dextromethorphan to a child, read the package label carefully to be sure that it is the right product for a child of that age. Do not give dextromethorphan products that are made for adults to children.

Before you give a dextromethorphan product to a child, check the package label to find out how much medication the child should receive. Give the dose that matches the child's age on the chart. Ask the child's doctor if you don't know how much medication to give the child.

If you are taking the liquid, do not use a household spoon to measure your dose. Use the measuring spoon or cup that came with the medication or use a spoon made especially for measuring medication.

If you are using the dissolving strips, place them on your tongue and swallow after they melt.

If you are taking the chewable tablets you can allow them to melt in your mouth or you can chew them before swallowing.

If you are taking the extended-release suspension, shake the bottle well before each use to mix the medication evenly.

If you are taking the lozenges, allow them to slowly melt in your mouth.

Stop taking dextromethorphan and call your doctor if your cough does not get better within 7 days, if your cough goes away and comes back, or if your cough occurs with a fever, rash, or headache.

Are there other uses for this medicine?
This medication is sometimes prescribed for other uses; ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information.

  • AccuHist® PDX (as a combination product containing Brompheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine)
  • Alacol® DM (as a combination product containing Brompheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine)
  • Ala-Hist® DM (as a combination product containing Brompheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine)
  • Aldex® DM (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine, Pyrilamine)
  • Alka-Seltzer® Plus Flu (as a combination product containing Aspirin, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan)
  • Allanhist® PDX (as a combination product containing Brompheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine)
  • Amerituss AD® (as a combination product containing Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine)
  • Babee Cof®
  • Balacall® DM (as a combination product containing Brompheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine)
  • Benylin®
  • Benylin® Expectorant (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin)
  • Bromhist® PDX (as a combination product containing Brompheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine)
  • Bromtuss® DM (as a combination product containing Brompheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine)
  • Brovex® DM (as a combination product containing Brompheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine)
  • Buckley's®
  • Ceron-DM® (as a combination product containing Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine)
  • Cerose-DM® (as a combination product containing Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine)
  • Cheracol D® (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin)
  • Codal-DM Syrup® (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine, Pyrilamine)
  • Codimal® DM (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine, Pyrilamine)
  • Comtrex® Cold and Cough Nighttime (as a combination product containing Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine)
  • Comtrex® Cold and Cough Non Drowsy (as a combination product containing Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine)
  • Corfen-DM® (as a combination product containing Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine)
  • Coricidin® HBP Cough and Cold (as a combination product containing Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan)
  • Coricidin® HBP Flu Maximum Strength (as a combination product containing Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan)
  • Creomulsion®
  • Creo-Terpin®
  • Dacex® A (as a combination product containing Carbinoxamine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine)
  • Deconex® DM (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine)
  • Dexall® (as a combination product containing dexbrompheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine)
  • Dexalone®
  • Diabetic Tussin® Night Time Formula (as a combination product containing Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Diphenhydramine)
  • Diabetuss®
  • Dimaphen® DM (as a combination product containing Brompheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine)
  • Dimetapp® DM Cold & Cough (as a combination product containing Brompheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine)
  • Donatussin® (as a combination product containing Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine)
  • Drituss® DM (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin)
  • Drixoral® Cough/Sore Throat (as a combination product containing Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan)
  • Duravent-DPB® (as a combination product containing Brompheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine)
  • Guiatuss® DM (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin)
  • Halotussin® DM (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin)
  • Histadec® DM (as a combination product containing Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine)
  • Humibid® CS (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin)
  • Lohist-DM® (as a combination product containing Brompheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine)
  • Lortuss® DM (as a combination product containing Brompheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine)
  • Mintuss® (as a combination product containing Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine)
  • Mucinex® Cough (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin)
  • Mytussin® DM (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin)
  • Naldecon® DX Liquigel (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin)
  • Nasohist-DM® (as a combination product containing Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine)
  • Norel® DM (as a combination product containing Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine)
  • NyQuil® Cold/Flu Relief (as a combination product containing Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Doxylamine)
  • Nyquil® Cough (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Doxylamine)
  • Pediacare®
  • Pertussin® ES
  • Phenergan® with Dextromethorphan (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Promethazine)
  • Phen Tuss® DM (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Promethazine)
  • Poly Hist® DM (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine, Pyrilamine)
  • Polytan® (as a combination product containing dexbrompheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine, Pyrilamine)
  • Pyril® DM (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine, Pyrilamine)
  • Robafen® DM (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin)
  • Robitussin® DM (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin)
  • Rondex-DM® (as a combination product containing Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine)
  • Scot-Tussin® DM (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin)
  • Sildec® PE DM (as a combination product containing Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine)
  • Silphen® DM
  • Sine-Off® Cold and Cough (as a combination product containing Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin)
  • Sonahist® DM (as a combination product containing Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine)
  • St. Joseph®
  • Statuss® DM (as a combination product containing Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine)
  • Sudafed® PE Cold & Cough (as a combination product containing Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine)
  • Tannate® V DM (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine, Pyrilamine)
  • Theraflu® Cold & Cough (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Pheniramine, Phenylephrine)
  • Theraflu® Daytime Severe Cold & Cough (as a combination product containing Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine)
  • Theraflu® Severe Cold Nighttime (as a combination product containing Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine)
  • TL-Hist® DM (as a combination product containing Brompheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine)
  • Triaminic® Cold and Allergy (as a combination product containing Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine)
  • Triaminic® Day Time Cold & Cough (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine)
  • Triaminic® Multi-Symptom Fever (as a combination product containing Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan)
  • Trital® DM (as a combination product containing Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine)
  • Trituss® A (as a combination product containing Carbinoxamine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine)
  • Tusdec® DM (as a combination product containing Brompheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine)
  • Tusnel® (as a combination product containing Brompheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin)
  • Tuss® DM Syrup (as a combination product containing Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine)
  • Tussar® DM (as a combination product containing Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine)
  • Tussex® (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine)
  • Tussidex® (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine)
  • Tussin® DM (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin)
  • Tussi Organidin® DM (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin)
  • Tussplex® DM (as a combination product containing Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine)
  • Tylenol® Cold Multi-Symptom Daytime (as a combination product containing Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine)
  • Tylenol® Cold Multi-Symptom Nighttime (as a combination product containing Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine)
  • Tylenol® Simply Cough
  • Vicks® 44E (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin)
  • Vicks® Formula 44
  • Zicam® Cough
  • Zicam® Cough Plus D (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Phenylephrine)
  • Zotex® (as a combination product containing Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine)


What special precautions should I follow?


Before taking dextromethorphan,



  • tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to dextromethorphan, any other medications, or any of the ingredients in the product you plan to take. Check the package label for a list of the ingredients.
  • do not take dextromethorphan if you are taking a monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor such as isocarboxazid (Marplan), phenelzine (Nardil), selegiline (Eldepryl, Emsam, Zelapar), and tranylcypromine (Parnate), or if you have stopped taking an MAO inhibitor within the past 2 weeks.
  • tell your doctor and pharmacist what prescription and nonprescription medications, vitamins, nutritional supplements, and herbal products you are taking or plan to take.
  • tell your doctor if you smoke, if you have a cough that occurs with a large amount of phlegm (mucus), or if you have or have ever had breathing problems such as asthma, emphysema, or chronic bronchitis.
  • tell your doctor if you are pregnant, plan to become pregnant, or are breast-feeding. If you become pregnant while taking dextromethorphan, call your doctor.
  • if you have phenylketonuria (PKU, an inherited condition in which a special diet must be followed to prevent mental retardation), you should know that some brands of chewable tablets that contain dextromethorphan may be sweetened with aspartame, a source of phenylalanine.
What special dietary instructions should I follow?
Unless your doctor tells you otherwise, continue your normal diet.



What side effects can this medication cause?
Dextromethorphan may cause side effects. Tell your doctor if any of these symptoms are severe or do not go away:

  • dizziness
  • lightheadedness
  • drowsiness
  • nervousness
  • restlessness
  • nausea
  • vomiting
  • stomach pain


If you experience any of the following symptoms, call your doctor immediately:

  • rash


Dextromethorphan may cause other side effects. Call your doctor if you experience any unusual problems while you are taking this medication.

If you experience a serious side effect, you or your doctor may send a report to the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) MedWatch Adverse Event Reporting program viagra cialis online pharmacy pharmacy [at http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch] or by phone [1-800-332-1088].

What should I do if I forget to take a dose?
Dextromethorphan is usually taken as needed. If your doctor has told you to take dextromethorphan regularly, take the missed dose as soon as you remember it. However, if it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and continue your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.

What should I do in case of overdose?
In case of overdose, call your local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222. If the victim has collapsed or is not breathing, call local emergency services at 911.

Symptoms of overdose may include:

  • nausea
  • vomiting
  • drowsiness
  • dizziness
  • unsteadiness
  • changes in vision
  • difficulty breathing
  • fast heartbeat
  • hallucinating (seeing things or hearing voices that do not exist)
  • seizures
  • coma (loss of consciousness for a period of time)


What storage conditions are needed for this medication?
Keep this medication in the container it came in, tightly closed, and out of reach of children. Store it at room temperature and away from excess heat and moisture (not in the bathroom). Throw away any medication that is outdated or no longer needed. Talk to your pharmacist about the proper disposal of your medication.

What other information should I know?
Ask your pharmacist any questions you have about dextromethorphan.

It is important for you to keep a written list of all of the prescription and nonprescription (over-the-counter) medicines you are taking, as well as any products such as vitamins, minerals, or other dietary supplements. You should bring this list with you each time you visit a doctor or if you are admitted to a hospital. It is also important information to carry with you in case of emergencies.





Important warning
FDA Intends to Remove Some Unapproved Cough, Cold, and Allergy Drugs from the Market

This safety alert does not apply to this medication, but only to some products which contain this medication. In addition, it is important that you know that there is not a problem with most of the products described in this medication monograph. And some drug companies may decide to seek full approval from the FDA so that they can continue marketing their products.

On March 2, 2011, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a safety alert about certain unapproved prescription cough, cold, and allergy products containing this drug in combination with other drugs. These products are not currently approved by the FDA for safety, effectiveness, and quality. FDA asked drug companies to stop shipping most of these products for sale in the US within the next 6 months. Although some of these products have been marketed for many years, laws about what a company must prove to FDA for drug product approval have gotten tougher and increased enforcement of these laws is now taking place. The FDA took this action due to concerns about certain potential risks associated with use of these medications. These risks may include:



the possibility of improper use in infants and young children

potentially risky combinations of ingredients

patients receiving too much or too little of the medication because of problems with the way some ''timed-release'' products are made



If you are concerned that the prescription cough, cold, and allergy medication you are taking is not approved by the FDA, you should talk to your doctor or pharmacist. If the medication you are taking is not approved, your doctor can prescribe another prescription medication or your doctor or pharmacist can suggest an over-the-counter (OTC) cough, cold, and allergy product for your condition. There are many safe and effective alternative approved products that can be taken instead. Your doctor probably prescribed the medicine without knowing that FDA had not approved it. This is because it has been so difficult for doctors and pharmacists to find out that these products are unapproved. For additional information:



You can visit the FDA website (http://www.fda.gov/ForConsumers/ConsumerUpdates/ucm244852.htm) for more information about this action to remove unapproved cough, cold, and allergy products from the market.

You can find a list of unapproved products by going to (http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch/SafetyInformation/SafetyAlertsforHumanMedicalProducts/ucm245279.htm).

For information on how to dispose of unused products, go to http://www.fda.gov/ForConsumers/ConsumerUpdates/ucm101653.htm.

3 Mayıs 2011 Salı

Thursday Thirteen

See also: cheap cialis | 


Last night I was thinking about the many things that have changed in my lifetime. Admittedly, that is a number of years - not quite 50 but getting closer - but it seems  a very short time when I look back on it. However, the world is certainly a lot different now. I wish I could name a single most important thing that has changed, but I am not sure I can.



1. Attitudes. I think if I were to name a big one, this would be it, although I think the attitudes have been there, just not quite so vocal. I think the thing that strikes me most in the current era as opposed to previous one is how pervasive and all-encompassing the fear seems to be. Everyone is afraid of everything anymore. This loss of courage has manifested itself as a resistance to change and a strong move toward individualism, which has resulted in a great loss of community and connectedness.



2. TV. When I was growing up, I could only watch one channel - ABC. It was all the TV would pick up. Now I have a satellite dish and it has 250 channels on it and nothing to watch.



3. The Internet. I could break this down into 13 things alone - paying bills online, email, online communications, etc. This has been a major change in the way people relate to one another and I personally believe has helped with #1 above. The Internet can promote fear and isolationism. It doesn't have to but it does. On the other hand, the Internet is good for the same reasons - it can be a very helpful tool. This technology has shrunk the world.



4. The loss of independent media. While I know some people think the media is liberal and left-leaning, I believe it is right-leaning and has been for the last 20 years or so. Media is now about profit, not news, and as a result the real stories, the ones that matter and effect change in a society, are not being told. The loss of the media as government watchdog has a direct correlation to all of the corruption in government today. If no one is paying attention, they can do what they want. And our media is not paying attention. Maybe in the long run this will be a good thing, but I don't see how.



5. Computers. This probably goes along with the Internet but actually computers do a lot more than allow Internet access. Computers are great for many daily tasks - organizing schedules, word processing, accounting, playing solitaire. It is being dumbed down to "apps" but a good computer and a strong program can be one of the best tools a business person has, if used properly.



6. On a smaller level, video games came into being in my lifetime. Pong was invented in 1972 and look where we are now - games that encompass entire worlds and take on lives of their own. I am not sure this is a good thing, to be sure - video games are a big issue in psychological circles, where it is recognized as an addiction and lots of playing is symptomatic of other issues. While I am not a psychologist, as a journalist I have heard many of stories of older workers who find young people don't want to work, they only want to play video games, and resent any time spent away from their screens.



7. Changes in way of life from rural to industrial and now to service. Fifty years ago, life was a bit more rural, and there were more farmers. There wasn't an "eat local" movement because stuff was local. But that soon changed and the small farmer lost importance as big business and corporations took over. As with media, when it became all about the money instead of about feeding people and caring for the land, the lifestyle and focus changed. I don't know if this is better or worse, but it has changed.



8. Health care. The days of receiving an aspirin in exchange for a basket of eggs have long been gone, and I'm not sure they even existed in my day. What did exist was health care that actually cared about you and not your wallet. I had a doctor for 20 years who was an old-fashioned fellow who would listen, hold my hand, give me a shot if I needed it, and who generally took good care of me. He spent more than 10 minutes with you and tried to help. I have been hard-pressed to find another since he retired. I think American health care is terrible and have for years. However, there has been some progress, such as ways to save heart attack victims, so I can't degrade the whole process.



9. Pharmaceutical advertising. This used to be against the law, but that changed (must have been too much regulation for some, I guess), and now we're bombarded with ads every day for purple order cialis and other remedies.



10. Books are still with us, but now we have e-books. I don't have an e-reader yet but I suspect I will in the near future. Books have changed in price - they cost a lot more now - and they have changed in quality, too. For example, my textbook came with the pages uncut on the bottom. Very poor production quality. Many books go to market with typing errors, too.  You used to never see this kind of thing but somewhere along the way someone decided that quality didn't matter to the bottom line. The poor quality is definitely not better. I think in the long run I will like e-books, though.



11. Music. To my surprise, my young nephews listen to MY music. They don't seem to have music of their own. At the local ball games, the teams and spectators hear "We will rock you" or some other Queen song over the loudspeakers. Music apparently has evolved into something that the current generation cannot grasp and absorb as its own. Also, there is a loss of connection because no one listens to the same thing anymore. Music helped create community when I was growing up, because we all listened to American Top 40 and heard the same songs. With iPods and CDs and all, no one need listen to the same thing, so music is no longer a major topic of conversation.



12. Cellphones. I can remember talking on a party line when I was a child - we had to wait until other people - the neighbors down the street - were off the phone to use it. Now everyone has their own telephone and can be reached any hour of the day. I confess, I leave mine in the car. I prefer to be reached only when I want to be.



13. Education. I hate to say it, but I think we're not as smart as we used to be. Fewer people are in college and have degrees. I am not sure why this is.



There you go. Thirteen things that have changed in the last five decades.





Thursday Thirteen is played by lots of people; there is a list here. I've been playing for a while and this is my 187th time to do a list of 13 on a Thursday.

Tablet or PC?

Tablet or PC?

The computer market has been taken by storm with the introduction of tablet PCs. This is evidenced by a decline in HHD sales in 2010 & a corresponding increase in tablet sales. Personally i have found it difficult to type on the tablet which i have gotten used to with my laptop. When the tablet was introduced by Steve Jobs, i remember how people were displeased with how 'ugly' it was. This is however forgotten and the ipad & ipad 2 are giving the sonys, lenovos & acers a run for their money. So why has the tablet become so popular?

1. cheap cialis provide all the functionality of laptops. You don't have to type to convert your document to electronic form. This is a natural evolution from the conventional laptop.

2. For students, cheap cialis are suitable because of its portability (physical), easy access to resources e.g. Online databases, documents & other learning materials.

3. The stylus is easier to use than a mouse from any angle.

4. Tablet PC are becoming popular gaming devices.

5. Tablet PCs have up to 10 hrs battery life. Laptops have up to 3 hrs battery life which decreases with increase in number of applications like games.

The tablet PCs have their own share of disadvantages

1. A laptop is more productive than a tablet PC. For a tablet to match up to the productivity of a laptop you need additional accessories e.g. USB Ultra slim multimedia keyboard.

2. Laptops support a variety of peripherals but the tablets may not have the standard ports & connectors.

3. While typing you may have to hold the tablet in one hand & type with the other.

4. The tablet's cost is twice that of a laptop.

5. Tablets use only 1 OS. With a convetional computer you can use more than 1 OS.

Its up to you to weigh, do you want a tablet or the laptop/PC.